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Car Biography/Details
A car (also called an auto) is a vehicle used to transport passengers. Cars usually have four wheels and an internal combustion engine.
Some small "city" cars carry only four people, and have very little luggage space. Other types are able to carry many passengers or heavy loads. For example, family station wagons or estate cars carry from 6 to 9 people, or fewer people with lots of luggage. A van or pickup truck is a car-like vehicle made for carrying medium sized loads; for example, goods for delivery or plumber's and builder's tools and materials. Heavy lorries are used to carry deliveries and heavy loads.
In order for a car to work, it must have fuel. The most common fuel is petrol, which is sometimes called gasoline in America. A car can also run on diesel. Other less common fuels are natural gas, or electricity. Many car-making companies are also now trying to build vehicles that run successfully using hydrogen fuel cells, which are as convenient as petrol or diesel fuelled cars but do not give out any polluting exhaust gases ( but making hydrogen may at first still need electricity made by a power plant that burns similar fossil fuels ).
The earliest automobiles recorded were actually steam engines attached to wagons. This was invented by Lee Dover in the late 1700's. The steam engines were heavy and therefore the wagon was very slow and hard to control. Cugnot was the very first person to get into a motor vehicle accident when he crashed his wagon into a wall.
Also, there were cars in the 1830's that were powered by electricity, but these were also very slow and heavy so they were eventually left behind.
The internal combustion engine changed the way automobiles were to be powered. The engine used either gasoline, diesel, or kerosene to work. When the gas is exploded in a cylinder it pushes the piston down and turns the wheel.
Although many people tried to make a good car that would work well and sell well, people say that Karl Benz invented the modern automobile. He used a four-stroke type of internal combustion engine to power his "car". He began to sell his production vehicles in 1888.
In North America, the first modern car was made by the Duryea Brothers in Springfield, Massachusetts. The Duryea Brothers' car also won the first-ever car race in 1895, competing against cars made by Benz. The race was in Chicago, Illinois, and 53 miles long. Duryea then began production of the first commercial automobiles in 1896. That year they made 13 cars by hand in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Benz may have invented the first modern car, and Duryea the first commercial car, but Henry Ford is the man who sold the most cars to the most people. In 1910 he began making and selling his Model T, which was a huge success. Many people could afford this car, not just the rich. Ford mass produced his Model T, meaning he made a lot of them in a short time in a factory. People say that the Model T is the car that "put America on wheels". The Model T was the most popular car of the time because it was so cheap but it was still a good quality car that everyone could own.
Since then, many different kinds of cars have been designed and built, from minivans to sports cars.
Cars are faster than walking or riding a bike if you are going a long way, can carry more than one person, and a large amount of luggage. Depending on local public transport quality, they can also be faster and far more convenient than using buses, bicycles or trains, and can often go where public transport cannot. 4-wheel drive "offroad" vehicles are particularly good at reaching places difficult for any other wheeled transport, allowing provision of goods, emergency services, transport of disabled or infirm passengers, and faster and safer journeys for able-bodied passengers over long distances and harsh terrain where this may otherwise have been impossible.
Another good thing is that if it's raining heavily it is better to use a car than a bicycle or motorcycle, or walking, because driving a car in these conditions can be less dangerous, and keeps passengers and possessions dry as most cars are enclosed (they have a roof, doors and windows). Modern cars are often safer in accidents in any conditions, as they have added safety features such as seat belts, airbags, crumple zones and side-impact protection that would be expensive or impossible on two-wheeled or light 3-wheeled vehicles, or most buses.
Buying and running a car needs a lot of money, even more for a good quality one that is not too old. There are a lot of things to pay for - the car itself, fuel, parts (for example, tires/tyres), maintenance, repairs, insurance to cover the cost of crashes or theft, parking charges and road tolls and/or any tax or licensing fees charged by government.
If two cars crash they can hurt the people inside or around them. Traffic jams happen when there are too many cars trying to go the same way. They can cause pollution if too many are used in a small area like a city, and the combined pollution of the world's cars is thought to be partly to blame for climate change. Many places where lots of people live have public transportation (or mass transit) such as buses, trains, trams and subways. These can help many people get to different places very quickly, often faster and less expensive than by car when traffic jams are a problem. Some of these problems can be fixed, for example, by carpooling, which is putting many people who may not normally travel together in one car to share costs, use less fuel, and create less pollution and traffic.
If many cars try to travel around an older, or badly built town, that was not designed for cars, this can make these problems worse, and cause danger to other road users, for example people riding bicycles or walking. But, designing a town layout where everything is made for cars as the main transport can cause other problems. These include even more pollution and traffic, as everyone has to drive. Communities are divided up and separated with roads. People walking are in danger by expressways with too few foot bridges, small road bridges or other crossings. Designers now understand these problems and try to build more balanced systems.
Car Biography/Details
A car (also called an auto) is a vehicle used to transport passengers. Cars usually have four wheels and an internal combustion engine.
Some small "city" cars carry only four people, and have very little luggage space. Other types are able to carry many passengers or heavy loads. For example, family station wagons or estate cars carry from 6 to 9 people, or fewer people with lots of luggage. A van or pickup truck is a car-like vehicle made for carrying medium sized loads; for example, goods for delivery or plumber's and builder's tools and materials. Heavy lorries are used to carry deliveries and heavy loads.
In order for a car to work, it must have fuel. The most common fuel is petrol, which is sometimes called gasoline in America. A car can also run on diesel. Other less common fuels are natural gas, or electricity. Many car-making companies are also now trying to build vehicles that run successfully using hydrogen fuel cells, which are as convenient as petrol or diesel fuelled cars but do not give out any polluting exhaust gases ( but making hydrogen may at first still need electricity made by a power plant that burns similar fossil fuels ).
The earliest automobiles recorded were actually steam engines attached to wagons. This was invented by Lee Dover in the late 1700's. The steam engines were heavy and therefore the wagon was very slow and hard to control. Cugnot was the very first person to get into a motor vehicle accident when he crashed his wagon into a wall.
Also, there were cars in the 1830's that were powered by electricity, but these were also very slow and heavy so they were eventually left behind.
The internal combustion engine changed the way automobiles were to be powered. The engine used either gasoline, diesel, or kerosene to work. When the gas is exploded in a cylinder it pushes the piston down and turns the wheel.
Although many people tried to make a good car that would work well and sell well, people say that Karl Benz invented the modern automobile. He used a four-stroke type of internal combustion engine to power his "car". He began to sell his production vehicles in 1888.
In North America, the first modern car was made by the Duryea Brothers in Springfield, Massachusetts. The Duryea Brothers' car also won the first-ever car race in 1895, competing against cars made by Benz. The race was in Chicago, Illinois, and 53 miles long. Duryea then began production of the first commercial automobiles in 1896. That year they made 13 cars by hand in Springfield, Massachusetts.
Benz may have invented the first modern car, and Duryea the first commercial car, but Henry Ford is the man who sold the most cars to the most people. In 1910 he began making and selling his Model T, which was a huge success. Many people could afford this car, not just the rich. Ford mass produced his Model T, meaning he made a lot of them in a short time in a factory. People say that the Model T is the car that "put America on wheels". The Model T was the most popular car of the time because it was so cheap but it was still a good quality car that everyone could own.
Since then, many different kinds of cars have been designed and built, from minivans to sports cars.
Cars are faster than walking or riding a bike if you are going a long way, can carry more than one person, and a large amount of luggage. Depending on local public transport quality, they can also be faster and far more convenient than using buses, bicycles or trains, and can often go where public transport cannot. 4-wheel drive "offroad" vehicles are particularly good at reaching places difficult for any other wheeled transport, allowing provision of goods, emergency services, transport of disabled or infirm passengers, and faster and safer journeys for able-bodied passengers over long distances and harsh terrain where this may otherwise have been impossible.
Another good thing is that if it's raining heavily it is better to use a car than a bicycle or motorcycle, or walking, because driving a car in these conditions can be less dangerous, and keeps passengers and possessions dry as most cars are enclosed (they have a roof, doors and windows). Modern cars are often safer in accidents in any conditions, as they have added safety features such as seat belts, airbags, crumple zones and side-impact protection that would be expensive or impossible on two-wheeled or light 3-wheeled vehicles, or most buses.
Buying and running a car needs a lot of money, even more for a good quality one that is not too old. There are a lot of things to pay for - the car itself, fuel, parts (for example, tires/tyres), maintenance, repairs, insurance to cover the cost of crashes or theft, parking charges and road tolls and/or any tax or licensing fees charged by government.
If two cars crash they can hurt the people inside or around them. Traffic jams happen when there are too many cars trying to go the same way. They can cause pollution if too many are used in a small area like a city, and the combined pollution of the world's cars is thought to be partly to blame for climate change. Many places where lots of people live have public transportation (or mass transit) such as buses, trains, trams and subways. These can help many people get to different places very quickly, often faster and less expensive than by car when traffic jams are a problem. Some of these problems can be fixed, for example, by carpooling, which is putting many people who may not normally travel together in one car to share costs, use less fuel, and create less pollution and traffic.
If many cars try to travel around an older, or badly built town, that was not designed for cars, this can make these problems worse, and cause danger to other road users, for example people riding bicycles or walking. But, designing a town layout where everything is made for cars as the main transport can cause other problems. These include even more pollution and traffic, as everyone has to drive. Communities are divided up and separated with roads. People walking are in danger by expressways with too few foot bridges, small road bridges or other crossings. Designers now understand these problems and try to build more balanced systems.
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